Typology of forest fragmentation in Bila Walanae watershed, Indonesia

Complex and dynamic land changes are characterized by the conversion of unnecessary obligations (deforestation). Deforestation causes changes in land cover by forming a certain distribution pattern. Forest fragmentation describes the pattern of deforestation, starting with an analysis of land-use change and deforestation rates from 2005 to 2020, which marked the beginning of Indonesia as a democratic country. After the analysis, the spatial pattern analysis of the Clumsiness index, Contiguity index, and Patch density was carried out. Before that step. Land use/cover is dominated by dry land mixed with shrubs in the Bila Walanae watershed, while forest conditions are only about 17 percent of the total watershed area. Types of land cover dry agriculture, rice fields, and settlements experienced a large increase, these things indicate an increase in the magnitude of community activities. The deforestation rate is less than 0.5 percent which is lower than the deforestation rate in Indonesia. The first typology of forest fragmentation shows that the density of deforestation is low (not fragmented), but in each period the number of fragmentations continues to increase. In the first period, the level of connectedness and proximity to deforestation events is high, but the next period has a low level of connectedness and proximity. These things show the forest that is far between describing the forest and putting it in the forest. Deforestation was caused by small-scale agricultural activities with shifting cultivation patterns.