Multiapproach Design Methodology of a Downscaled Wet Scrubber to Study the Collection of Submicronic Particles from Waste Incineration Flue Gas

Wet scrubbers are traditionally used as dedusting systems in waste incineration plants for wet flue gas treatment. Although these devices are not particularly performant at capturing submicron particles, which are associated with health and environmental hazards, their collection efficiency can be improved by optimizing operating conditions. This study presents the design methodology of a downscaled wet scrubber, constructed and implemented at a municipal waste incineration plant to be fed with real fumes, and to study its efficiency towards the removal of submicronic particles. The downscaled scrubber was designed to operate with flue gas at 200 °C, high humidity (1% RH), and an average total particle concentration of 200 mg/Nm3. A criterion of geometric, aerodynamic, and residence time similarities to an existing industrial scrubber was targeted. The height of the device was selected by matching the theoretical fractional particle collection efficiencies of the industrial and downscaled scrubbers. Featuring a cylindrical shape, the downscaled scrubber has a diameter of 0.3 m and a height of 2.5 m. It operates in co-current with water injected through four spray levels. Computational fluid dynamics simulations were conducted to analyze the gas flow structure within the device, and the results were validated by hot wire anemometer velocity measurements.