Load frequency control for enhanced power system stability and reliability using hybrid RSA–HBA technique

A hybrid approach is proposed for an interconnected system's load frequency control mechanism. The proposed hybrid method combines the reptile search algorithm and honey badger algorithm methods. Commonly, it is named as the RSA–HBA technique. The proposed approach aims to reduce frequency discrepancies, improve transient response, and establish a foundation for the application of advanced optimization techniques. The overarching goal is to enhance power system stability and adaptability to dynamic conditions and contribute valuable insights to the field of power system control. Here, consider the two-area system with generation plants like distributed generation, (i.e., solar, wind turbine), thermal, hydro, and gas generation systems. The proposed method avoids faster disturbances with limited dynamics. Also, the RSA–HBA technique is used to improve the desired controller settings. Moreover, a high-voltage DC tie line is used to model the interconnected system. The proposed technique is implemented in the MATLAB software and compared with existing methods. When compared to alternative salp swarm optimization (SSA), SOA, and FFA techniques currently in use, the proposed approach performs better. From the simulation, the electric vehicle system provides a lower frequency variation and a lower variation of tie-line power, i.e., − 0.0019 MW.