Solute dispersion in hemodynamic within a stenotic artery experiencing arterial inclination and body acceleration

High level of cholesterol in the blood causes fatty cells to accumulate on the inner walls of arteries. The fatty cell build-up; known as stenosis leads to the obstruction of blood flow that can potentially increase the possibility of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, heart attack and strokes. Hence, it is significant to understand the hemodynamics within a stenosed artery affected by other internal and external factors to help doctors in giving prognosis for cardiovascular diseases, deciding appropriate treatment and calculating optimal drug dosage. This present research investigates an artery afflicted with stenosis, considering the arterial inclination and body force acceleration factor. Specifically, this study focuses on the behavior of blood velocity and steady dispersion function within a stenosed artery, where the blood rheology is emulated by the Herschel-Bulkley model. The research methodology employs the perturbation method to solve the unsteady momentum equation for obtaining the blood velocity solution. The blood velocity solution is validated with existing study. Meanwhile, the steady dispersion function solution is obtained by solving the unsteady convective-diffusion equation through the Generalized Dispersion Model (GDM) approach. Analysis of the hemodynamics of blood velocity and the steady dispersion function involves examining the effects of different values for stenosis height, arterial inclination, and body force acceleration. Through graphical representations of the solutions, it is observed that an increase in stenosis height leads to a reduction in both blood velocity and steady dispersion function. Conversely, an increase in arterial inclination results in enhancements in both blood velocity and steady dispersion function, facilitated by gravitational acceleration force. These theoretical findings have broad implications for diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, potentially informing interventions that mitigate the consequences of arterial stenosis.