Characterization of microbial structure and function in the rhizosphere of Boehmeria nivea L.: A comparative study of volcanic cone and crater

Rhizosphere microbial network in crater had higher complexity than in volcanic cone. Bacteria were more prone to enrichment than fungi in volcanic soils. The bacteria exhibited greater resistance and resilience than fungi. Volcanic eruptions are significant natural disturbances that provide valuable opportunities to study their impacts on soil microorganisms. However, no previous studies have compared the rhizosphere microbial communities of Boehmeria nivea L. in volcanic craters and cones. To address this gap, we conducted a comprehensive investigation using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing to compare the rhizosphere microbial communities in volcanic craters and cones. Principal Coordinate Analysis revealed significant differences in the rhizosphere microbial communities between the crater and cone. The bacterial communities in the rhizosphere of the crater exhibited higher diversity and evenness compared to the cones. Moreover, the cones displayed more intricate bacterial networks than the crater (nodes 556 vs. 440). Conversely, fungal networks were more complex in the crater than the cone (nodes 943 vs. 967). Additionally, bacterial communities demonstrated greater stability than fungal ones within these volcanic soils (avgK 241.1 vs. 499.7) and (avgCC 1.047 vs. 1.092). Furthermore, the Structural Equation Model demonstrated a direct positive impact of alpha diversity on soil microbial community multifunctionality in the crater (γ = 0.920, P < 0.001). Our findings have presented the opportunity to investigate the characteristics of the rhizosphere microbial communities of Boehmeria nivea L in the crater and cone.