Kernel density as a population-screening tool for low phytic acid content in maize (Zea mays L.)

Aim: The present study was performed to find association of morphological traits with kernel phytic acid. Methodology: A set of 20 qualitative phenotypic observations were studied in 29 diverse germplasms and two F2 populations. Further correlated traits were quantitatively verified for their correlation and heritability. Results: Maize kernels characterized by low phytate content correlated with reduced seed density traits. Further insights from scanning electron microscopic studies revealed alterations in the distribution pattern of starch granules, among low and high phytate genotypes. Heritability studies indicated a strong heritable nature of the traits viz., kernel density, inorganic phosphorous and phytic acid, and were found to be inter correlated. Interpretation: Intercorrelation and heritable nature of the trait is viewed as a ‘risk index’ that directly influences the success of genetic selection for the phytic acid trait which is highly complex and involves more laboratory experimentation. The selected genotypes may be further screened using biochemical analysis for confirmation. Key words: Correlation, F2 population, Germplasm, Kernel density, Maize, Phytic acid