Laboratory X-ray Microphotography: A Method of Inner Three-Dimensional Structure Reconstruction of Different Nature Objects

A brief retrospective of the development of laboratory X-ray microtomography at the Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IC RAS) is given. The main methods and approaches that made it possible to increase the informativeness of microtomography measurements—the use of monochromatic radiation, phase-contrast method, and diffraction tomography (topo-tomography)—are reported. Designs of the instruments developed and currently functioning at the IC RAS are described, and some experimental results obtained on them are presented.