Effects of Flooding on Roadways through Simulation-Traffic Integrated Vulnerability Modeling

AbstractUrban flooding poses a significant threat to the functionality of roadway networks, and the frequency and severity of these events are anticipated to increase as a result of climate change. A key challenge in mitigating urban flood impact is the lack of detailed flood impact prediction methods at a large scale. This study addresses this gap by developing an integrated framework that assesses the flood vulnerability of large-scale urban roadway networks. A framework combining a large-scale hydraulic flood simulation with a roadway traffic network analysis was utilized to map the impact of flooding on the mobility and connectivity of the roadway network. Then, a flood-roadway network analysis was conducted to assess the vulnerability of the Houston roadway network under different phases of the flooding event. The efficacy of the proposed framework is validated through a case study focusing on Hurricane Harvey in Houston, successfully identifying areas with pronounced flood vulnerability. By adopting this framework, decision makers can better evaluate the flood vulnerability of the roadway network and identify areas that require attention to enhance resilience to floods. Practical ApplicationsUrban flooding is always a great threat to our economy and safety. This study explores a new way of predicting, responding to, and planning for major urban flooding events. Our large-scale flood-roadway prediction framework can be used to predict flood impacts rapidly and accurately in advance, providing policymakers precious time to plan accordingly. Urban planners and city officials can leverage our research to identify areas more vulnerable to floods and guide urban development to increase flood resilience. Moreover, first responders can utilize our large-scale flood-roadway prediction framework to gain critical situation awareness in their disaster rescue efforts. Lastly, our research can play a crucial role in providing public information on flood risks. By providing timely and accurate flood alerts to the public, individuals and communities can take proactive measures to protect themselves and their property.