Analysis of clinical manifestations and prognostic factors of herpes simplex virus type 1 encephalitis

ObjectiveTo analyze the clinical features and prognostic factors of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‐1) encephalitis. MethodsA total of 51 patients with HSV‐1 encephalitis hospitalized in He'nan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2018 to September 2023 were selected, and their clinical data, laboratory and imaging examination results were recorded. The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to evaluate the prognosis of patients and the recovery of neurological function after brain injury. Univariate and multivariate stepwise Logistic regression analyses were screened for risk factors of adverse prognosis of HSV‐1 encephalitis. ResultsThe main symptoms of 51 cases were fever and headache. The serological examination results showed increased white blood cell count (14 cases), increased neutrophil count (14 cases), decreased lymphocyte count (8 cases), and decreased serum sodium level (17 cases). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination by lumbar puncture showed increased CSF pressure (18 cases), increased whi