Challenges in blood transfusion caused by anti-Hr0: A rare case of D-- Phenotype in Asia Abstract

Introduction D–Phenotype is linked to abnormal expression of RHCE gene. Consequently, individuals with this condition may develop antibodies against high-prevalence Rh antigens when exposed to a normal Rh phenotype, leading to challenges in blood matching. Case presentation A 90-year-old male was admitted to the hospital due to prostatitis and acute retention of urinary. Surgery was planned after evaluation by urologist. A request was made for 2 units of red blood cells (RBC). The result for unexpected antibody screening was positive, and the antibody was identified as anti-Hr 0 alloantibody , a rare RHCE * CE-D (5) – CE was discovered by genetic testing. The patient has only one history of blood transfusion, which may result in the production of the anti-Hr 0 antibody. Compatible blood donors for this patient were not found, even after extensive screening. Conclusion This report records a rare case of a D-- phenotype individual who produced anti-Hr 0 alloantibody. Subsequent analysis of RH gene sequencing revealed a genotype that has not been previously reported in Asia.