Antibacterial Effect of Zinc Oxide and Copper Oxide Nanoparticles as Substitute of Antibiotics against Fowl Typhoid in Broilers

ABSTRACT Fowl typhoid has revolved into a pathogenic hazard to the poultry industry and extensive use of antibiotic is leading to the induction of antimicrobial resistance in microorganism. Main aim of this study was to find out substitute of antibiotic against Fowl Typhoid in broiler in terms of immunological, serum biochemistry and lipid profile parameters. Broiler chicks (Age = 1 d and n = 90) were kept under uniform management conditions. Chicks were divided randomly into six groups on day ten of their age with 15 replicates in each; control negative (CN), control positive (CP) and four treatments (T1, T2, T3 and T4). Wheras challenge infection of Salmonella gallinarum was given on nineteen days of age to all experimental birds except of those in CN group. On 22nd day, infected birds in T1 were given Florfenicol antibiotic. Whereas infected birds in groups; T2, T3 and T4 were given concentration of nanoparticles zinc oxide and copper oxide at different rate; 25+10, 37.5+15 and 50+20 mg/kg/d, respectively. Collected data were analyzed using complete randomized design through ANOVA technique. Mortality percent was found minimum 13.3% in birds under T3 group. Effect of all nanoparticle levels was not different (P>0.05) to that of antibiotic in terms of total serum protein and lipid profile; total glycerides, very low-density lipids, high density lipids and total cholesterol. It was concluded on the basis of findings of current study that nanoparticles zinc oxide and copper oxide mixture (37.5 + 15 mg/Kg/d) was found optimum alternate to Florfenicol antibiotic against Salmonella gallinarum infection in broiler birds. Hence, Zinc oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles could be an adequate alternative treatment replacing antibiotics against Fowl Typhoid in broilers.