La era de las ómicas en Endocrinología: gran oportunidad para el avance del conocimiento en las rutas patológicas de enfermedades endocrinas

The omics sciences are scientific disciplines that allow the large-scale study of biological molecules such as genes, proteins and metabolites, and these disciplines include genomics, proteomics and metabolomics, among others. The analysis of data obtained through omics sciences can lead to a better understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying different diseases, better classification of diseases and the identification of new therapeutic targets. The use of omics sciences has the potential to revolutionize clinical Endocrinology and have contributed significantly to improve the understanding of how genetic and metabolic alterations are involved in the development and evolution of various endocrinopathies. Thyroid pathologies are some of the endocrine diseases in which the use of omic sciences has advanced the understanding of the underlying mechanisms, their classification and prognosis; within these, hypothyroidism and thyroid nodules are among the most frequent diseases, where their epidemiology is variable depending on age, ethnicity, environmental risk factors and geographic location, in addition, these pathologies are usually more frequent in women.