K1;3-covering red and blue points in the plane

We say that a finite set of red and blue points in the plane in general position can be K1,3-covered if the set can be partitioned into subsets of size 4, with 3 points of one color and 1 point of the other color, in such a way that, if at each subset the fourth point is connected by straight-line s...

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Veröffentlicht in:Discrete mathematics and theoretical computer science 2019-07, Vol.21 (3), p.1-29
Hauptverfasser: Ábrego, B M, Fernández-Merchant, S, Kano, M, Orden, D, Pérez-Lantero, P, Seara, C, Tejel, J
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:We say that a finite set of red and blue points in the plane in general position can be K1,3-covered if the set can be partitioned into subsets of size 4, with 3 points of one color and 1 point of the other color, in such a way that, if at each subset the fourth point is connected by straight-line segments to the same-colored points, then the resulting set of all segments has no crossings. We consider the following problem: Given a set R of r red points and a set B of b blue points in the plane in general position, how many points of R ∪ B can be K1,3-covered! and we prove the following results: (1) If r = 3g + h and b = 3h + g, for some non-negative integers g and h, then there are point sets R ∪ B, like {1, 3}-equitable sets (i.e., r = 3b or b = 3r) and linearly separable sets, that can be K1,3-covered. (2) If r = 3g + h, b = 3h + g and the points in R ∪ B are in convex position, then at least r + b - 4 points can be K1,3-covered, and this bound is tight. (3) There are arbitrarily large point sets R ∪ B in general position, with r = b + 1, such that at most r + b - 5 points can be K1,3-covered. (4) If b ≤ r ≤ 3b, then at least (ProQuest: ... denotes formula omitted.) (r + b - 8) points of R ∪ B can be K1,3-covered. For r > 3b, there are too many red points and at least r - 3b of them will remain uncovered in any K1,3-covering. Furthermore, in all the cases we provide efficient algorithms to compute the corresponding coverings.
ISSN:1365-8050