Factors affecting the reduction of soil compaction by the tractor running system

In the republic, wheeled tractors are used in the pre-sowing, sowing and growing seasons when carrying out various agrotechnical activities, where, under the influence of their running systems, significant soil compaction occurs. It was revealed that from the point of view of normal growth and development of plants, the decrease in soil compaction located in the zone of the plant’s root system is of particular importance. Since its excessive compaction leads to a slowdown in the development of the root system of plants, which limits the absorption of nutrients from the soil by the plant and, consequently, the accumulation of the crop of the cultivated crop. Therefore, it becomes necessary to find ways to reduce the compacting effect of the tractor running system on the soil in the zone where the root system of the plant is located. Studies have established that the degree of soil compaction, in addition to the mass of a wheeled tractor, also depends on the mode of its operation, the type of soil and the technology of field work. It is determined that an increase in the speed of the tractor leads to a decrease in the pressure of the running system on the soil. The smallest impact of the undercarriage system on the soil in the speed range of 3.9 - 9.3 km/h was noted with its maximum value equal to 9.3 km/h. An increase in air pressure in the tire from 1.2 MPa to 2.2 MPa at all speeds of the tractor leads to an increase in the pressure of the running system on the soil. Based on the results of the study, it was recommended that in order to reduce the compacting effect of the tractor running system on the soil, during its operation, any technological operation should be performed at the maximum values of the tractor speed allowed by the agrotechnical requirements for this technological operation and the lowest values of air pressure in the tire, allowable by technical conditions for this tractor.