Enhancing broadband vibration suppression of a cable conductor using graded metamaterials

Power transmission systems are essential for modern infrastructure, and their longevity and integrity are vital for ensuring uninterrupted power supply. They operate in harsh environments that can cause deterioration, making continuous monitoring essential. Among the major causes of fatigue and failure in transmission lines are aeolian vibration and vortex-induced vibrations induced by broadband wind excitation. These phenomena require robust control mechanisms operating across a wide frequency range. Vibration absorbers have been used to control vibration in power transmission lines. These devices act as notch filters, which limits their effectiveness to a restricted frequency range. Metamaterials have been designed and used in various configurations to improve vibration attenuation and mitigation. However, the bandgap of conventional metamaterials is relatively narrow, sometimes limiting their effectiveness. This paper proposes broadband vibration control in overhead transmission lines using metamaterial and graded metamaterial cable. The modal analysis approach is used to simulate the metamaterials and graded metamaterial cables, and a closed-form formulation describes the formation of bandgaps under the proposed configurations. The results obtained from the numerical model demonstrate that cable metamaterials are highly efficient in broadband vibration suppression and gap widening. Additionally, the tunable stopband of the metamaterials cable under aerodynamic and material damping shows the enhancement of the control under the damping effect. The metamaterials cable copes with the necessity of such broad control, and in their best configurations, the metamaterials reached from 86 to 99% on vibration reduction.