The Regime of the Olimpiada Gold–Sulfide Deposit Formation

In this paper, we determine the PTX parameters of the fluids that formed the Olimpiada gold–sulfide deposit using microthermometry and Raman spectroscopy of carbonic (CO 2 -N 2 -CH 4 ) and aqueous-carbonic inclusions in quartz. Low-gold-bearing metamorphogenic pyrrhotite–quartz veinlets were formed with the participation of oxidized (CO 2 /CH 4 = 10–100) nitrogen–carbon-dioxide fluid at 410–360°C and 2.4 ± 0.2 kbar. Gold–arsenopyrite mineralization was formed by deep reduced (CO 2 /CH 4 ∼ 1) methane–carbon-dioxide–nitrogen fluid in the temperature range of 360–300°C at 1.2 ± 0.1 kbar while gold–antimonite mineralization was formed by nitrogen–methane fluid at 290–240°C and 0.8 ± 0.1 kbar. Gold transport was carried out in a boiling environment in carbonic phase.