Design, Modeling and Experimental Study of GHz Patch Antenna Coated with Conductive Layer of Nanomaterial for Enhanced Characteristics with Defected Ground Structure in Communication Network Applications

This paper deals with the design, modeling, and study of nanomaterial-based novel type GHz patch antenna with defected ground structure etched on an epoxy dielectric material suitable for wireless communication network applications. Proposed antennas are homogeneously coated with titanium oxide nanomaterial that appears to have greater conductivity compared to copper patch to yield the best possible results. The coating is made by radio frequency sputtering process. In this, we first discuss the state of art for achieving resonance and later providing the assessment on their performance characteristics parameters of antenna etched on glass epoxy dielectric material with a conclusion. Some of the parameters studied are return loss (RL), 2D-360° patterns, and VSWR. The designed dimensions of a patch having a length, width are kept constant as a factor of wavelength ( λ ). The outlook of the work clearly describes that the proposed antennas have a broadband nature with improved characteristics. The antennas exhibited a bandwidth of 45.30% (with RL = − 31.88 dB) for a decent VSWR less than 1.5 is seen as the improving feature through the experimental process.