An analysis of tree-ring width and the standardized  precipitation-evapotranspiration index within the cork oak (Quercus suber L.) forests mortality framework in the Kroumirie Mountains, northwestern Tunisia

In the climate change context, the severity and duration of drought periods are expected to increase. Forests are known to be extremely sensitive to climate change, especially in the Mediterranean Basin, and particularly in Tunisia, where climate is characterized by dry hot summers which will intensify and prolong due to climate change effects. A better understanding of the mechanisms allowing plants to survive during prolonged drought would help to anticipate expected changes. The present study aimed to analyze the effect of extremely dry years on the mortality and decline of cork oak forests in northwest Tunisia during the 1988–1995 period. Extreme drought years with significant effects on tree growth were registered. Cork oak mortality was recorded for up to 63,622 trees. The study area was largely influenced by the frequency of prolonged drought periods, especially from 1988 to 1995.