The China–Iran strategic deal and CPEC: Navigating the influence of pragmatic balancing in China's relations with Iran and Pakistan
This article argues that China is advancing its relations with Iran and Pakistan based on pragmatic balancing, a key component of soft balancing, to safeguard and advance national self‐interest. China's relationship with Pakistan is based on shared interests to counter the Indian hegemony in So...
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| description | This article argues that China is advancing its relations with Iran and Pakistan based on pragmatic balancing, a key component of soft balancing, to safeguard and advance national self‐interest. China's relationship with Pakistan is based on shared interests to counter the Indian hegemony in South Asia and end the Chinese energy security dilemma through an overland route of the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). The bilateral relationship has enhanced and expanded over the years, despite steep transformations in regional geopolitics. Meanwhile, abundant Iranian energy reserves and Tehran's willingness to support China against the United States in the Middle East encouraged the Chinese leadership to sign a strategic deal with no significant ramifications for Pakistan and CPEC. The fair‐weather friendship between China and Iran remains limited in scope, often suspending cooperation in various domains, including energy and defense. Nonetheless, an all‐weather friendship between China and Pakistan sustained the collaboration of security, economy, and diplomacy, meticulously representing sincerity and cordiality.
Related Articles
Bishwakarma, Jham Kumar, and Zongshan Hu. 2021. “Problems and Prospects for the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC).” Politics & Policy 50(1): 154–79. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12443.
Singh, Amit, and Amit Sarwal. 2017. “Paraspara, Encounters, and Confluences: India's Soft Power Objective in the Indo‐Pacific Region.” Politics & Policy 45(5): 733–61. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12222.
Zaidi, Syed Muhammad Saad. 2020. “American Global Supremacy under Threat? The Chinese Factor.” Politics & Policy 49(2): 502–28. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12402.
Acuerdo estratégico China–Irán y CPEC: navegando por la influencia del equilibrio pragmático en las relaciones de China con Irán y Pakistán
Este artículo sostiene que China está avanzando en sus relaciones con Irán y Pakistán sobre la base de un equilibrio pragmático, un componente clave del equilibrio blando para salvaguardar y promover los intereses nacionales. La relación de China con Pakistán se basa en intereses compartidos para contrarrestar la hegemonía india en el sur de Asia y poner fin al dilema de seguridad energética chino a través de una ruta terrestre del Corredor Económico China–Pakistán (CPEC). La relación bilateral ha mejorado y ampliado a lo largo de los años a pesar de las profundas transformaciones en la geopolítica regional. Mientras tanto, las |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/polp.12573 |
| format | Article |
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Related Articles
Bishwakarma, Jham Kumar, and Zongshan Hu. 2021. “Problems and Prospects for the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC).” Politics & Policy 50(1): 154–79. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12443.
Singh, Amit, and Amit Sarwal. 2017. “Paraspara, Encounters, and Confluences: India's Soft Power Objective in the Indo‐Pacific Region.” Politics & Policy 45(5): 733–61. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12222.
Zaidi, Syed Muhammad Saad. 2020. “American Global Supremacy under Threat? The Chinese Factor.” Politics & Policy 49(2): 502–28. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12402.
Acuerdo estratégico China–Irán y CPEC: navegando por la influencia del equilibrio pragmático en las relaciones de China con Irán y Pakistán
Este artículo sostiene que China está avanzando en sus relaciones con Irán y Pakistán sobre la base de un equilibrio pragmático, un componente clave del equilibrio blando para salvaguardar y promover los intereses nacionales. La relación de China con Pakistán se basa en intereses compartidos para contrarrestar la hegemonía india en el sur de Asia y poner fin al dilema de seguridad energética chino a través de una ruta terrestre del Corredor Económico China–Pakistán (CPEC). La relación bilateral ha mejorado y ampliado a lo largo de los años a pesar de las profundas transformaciones en la geopolítica regional. Mientras tanto, las abundantes reservas de energía iraníes y la voluntad de Teherán de apoyar a China contra Estados Unidos en Medio Oriente alentaron a los líderes chinos a firmar un acuerdo estratégico sin ramificaciones significativas para Pakistán y CPEC. La amistad de buen tiempo entre China e Irán sigue teniendo un alcance limitado y a menudo suspende la cooperación en diversos ámbitos, incluidos la energía y la defensa. No obstante, una amistad permanente entre China y Pakistán sostuvo la colaboración en materia de seguridad, economía y diplomacia, representando meticulosamente sinceridad y cordialidad.
中伊战略协议与中巴经济走廊:解析务实平衡对中伊关系和中巴关系的影响
本文论证，中国正在以“务实平衡”(pragmatic balancing)为基础，推进其与伊朗和巴基斯坦的关系，务实平衡是用于维护和促进国家自身利益的软平衡的关键组成部分。中巴关系基于共同利益，通过中巴经济走廊(CPEC)的陆路路线对抗印度在南亚的霸权并结束中国的能源安全困境。尽管地区的地缘政治发生了急剧变化，但多年来中巴双边关系仍然得以加强与扩大。与此同时，伊朗丰富的能源储备以及德黑兰方面对“中国在中东对抗美国”的支持意愿，鼓励中国领导人签署一项不会对巴基斯坦和中巴经济走廊产生重大影响的战略协议。中国和伊朗之间“不能共患难”的友谊范围仍然有限，其经常暂停能源和国防等各个领域的合作。尽管如此，中巴之间的全天候友谊维系着安全、经济、外交等领域的合作，精心体现了真诚和亲切。</description><identifier>ISSN: 1555-5623</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1747-1346</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/polp.12573</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Malden: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Acuerdo Estratégico China–Irán ; Balancing ; belt and road initiative ; bilateral relations ; Chabahar port ; China ; China–Iran strategic deal ; Cooperation ; CPEC ; Diplomacy ; economía política internacional ; Energy ; equilibrio pragmático ; Friendship ; Geopolitics ; Gwadar port ; Hegemony ; Iniciativa de la Franja y la Ruta ; International cooperation ; international political economy ; international relations ; Iran ; Irán ; Leadership ; Pakistan ; Pakistán ; Politics ; pragmatic balancing ; Puerto de Chabahar ; Puerto de Gwadar ; Regions ; relaciones bilaterales ; Relaciones Internacionales ; Security ; Self interest ; Soft power ; Weather ; 一带一路 ; 中伊战略协议 ; 中国 ; 中巴经济走廊 ; 伊朗 ; 务实平衡 ; 双边关系 ; 国际关系 ; 国际政治经济 ; 巴基斯坦 ; 恰巴哈尔港 ; 瓜达尔港</subject><ispartof>Politics & policy (Statesboro, Ga.), 2024-02, Vol.52 (1), p.227-244</ispartof><rights>2024 Policy Studies Organization.</rights><rights>2024 Policy Studies Organization</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c1813-28f77fcf7842c0913cd640fa2b6ff301c5e1ad27fda2f6620bae4e73f298f4893</citedby><orcidid>0000-0002-5443-8388 ; 0000-0003-0515-8301</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fpolp.12573$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fpolp.12573$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27866,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Hussain, Mehmood</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jamali, Ahmed Bux</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nisar, Rana Danish</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Omar, Abdulfattah</creatorcontrib><title>The China–Iran strategic deal and CPEC: Navigating the influence of pragmatic balancing in China's relations with Iran and Pakistan</title><title>Politics & policy (Statesboro, Ga.)</title><description>This article argues that China is advancing its relations with Iran and Pakistan based on pragmatic balancing, a key component of soft balancing, to safeguard and advance national self‐interest. China's relationship with Pakistan is based on shared interests to counter the Indian hegemony in South Asia and end the Chinese energy security dilemma through an overland route of the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). The bilateral relationship has enhanced and expanded over the years, despite steep transformations in regional geopolitics. Meanwhile, abundant Iranian energy reserves and Tehran's willingness to support China against the United States in the Middle East encouraged the Chinese leadership to sign a strategic deal with no significant ramifications for Pakistan and CPEC. The fair‐weather friendship between China and Iran remains limited in scope, often suspending cooperation in various domains, including energy and defense. Nonetheless, an all‐weather friendship between China and Pakistan sustained the collaboration of security, economy, and diplomacy, meticulously representing sincerity and cordiality.
Related Articles
Bishwakarma, Jham Kumar, and Zongshan Hu. 2021. “Problems and Prospects for the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC).” Politics & Policy 50(1): 154–79. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12443.
Singh, Amit, and Amit Sarwal. 2017. “Paraspara, Encounters, and Confluences: India's Soft Power Objective in the Indo‐Pacific Region.” Politics & Policy 45(5): 733–61. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12222.
Zaidi, Syed Muhammad Saad. 2020. “American Global Supremacy under Threat? The Chinese Factor.” Politics & Policy 49(2): 502–28. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12402.
Acuerdo estratégico China–Irán y CPEC: navegando por la influencia del equilibrio pragmático en las relaciones de China con Irán y Pakistán
Este artículo sostiene que China está avanzando en sus relaciones con Irán y Pakistán sobre la base de un equilibrio pragmático, un componente clave del equilibrio blando para salvaguardar y promover los intereses nacionales. La relación de China con Pakistán se basa en intereses compartidos para contrarrestar la hegemonía india en el sur de Asia y poner fin al dilema de seguridad energética chino a través de una ruta terrestre del Corredor Económico China–Pakistán (CPEC). La relación bilateral ha mejorado y ampliado a lo largo de los años a pesar de las profundas transformaciones en la geopolítica regional. Mientras tanto, las abundantes reservas de energía iraníes y la voluntad de Teherán de apoyar a China contra Estados Unidos en Medio Oriente alentaron a los líderes chinos a firmar un acuerdo estratégico sin ramificaciones significativas para Pakistán y CPEC. La amistad de buen tiempo entre China e Irán sigue teniendo un alcance limitado y a menudo suspende la cooperación en diversos ámbitos, incluidos la energía y la defensa. No obstante, una amistad permanente entre China y Pakistán sostuvo la colaboración en materia de seguridad, economía y diplomacia, representando meticulosamente sinceridad y cordialidad.
中伊战略协议与中巴经济走廊:解析务实平衡对中伊关系和中巴关系的影响
本文论证，中国正在以“务实平衡”(pragmatic balancing)为基础，推进其与伊朗和巴基斯坦的关系，务实平衡是用于维护和促进国家自身利益的软平衡的关键组成部分。中巴关系基于共同利益，通过中巴经济走廊(CPEC)的陆路路线对抗印度在南亚的霸权并结束中国的能源安全困境。尽管地区的地缘政治发生了急剧变化，但多年来中巴双边关系仍然得以加强与扩大。与此同时，伊朗丰富的能源储备以及德黑兰方面对“中国在中东对抗美国”的支持意愿，鼓励中国领导人签署一项不会对巴基斯坦和中巴经济走廊产生重大影响的战略协议。中国和伊朗之间“不能共患难”的友谊范围仍然有限，其经常暂停能源和国防等各个领域的合作。尽管如此，中巴之间的全天候友谊维系着安全、经济、外交等领域的合作，精心体现了真诚和亲切。</description><subject>Acuerdo Estratégico China–Irán</subject><subject>Balancing</subject><subject>belt and road initiative</subject><subject>bilateral relations</subject><subject>Chabahar port</subject><subject>China</subject><subject>China–Iran strategic deal</subject><subject>Cooperation</subject><subject>CPEC</subject><subject>Diplomacy</subject><subject>economía política internacional</subject><subject>Energy</subject><subject>equilibrio pragmático</subject><subject>Friendship</subject><subject>Geopolitics</subject><subject>Gwadar port</subject><subject>Hegemony</subject><subject>Iniciativa de la Franja y la Ruta</subject><subject>International cooperation</subject><subject>international political economy</subject><subject>international relations</subject><subject>Iran</subject><subject>Irán</subject><subject>Leadership</subject><subject>Pakistan</subject><subject>Pakistán</subject><subject>Politics</subject><subject>pragmatic balancing</subject><subject>Puerto de Chabahar</subject><subject>Puerto de Gwadar</subject><subject>Regions</subject><subject>relaciones bilaterales</subject><subject>Relaciones Internacionales</subject><subject>Security</subject><subject>Self interest</subject><subject>Soft power</subject><subject>Weather</subject><subject>一带一路</subject><subject>中伊战略协议</subject><subject>中国</subject><subject>中巴经济走廊</subject><subject>伊朗</subject><subject>务实平衡</subject><subject>双边关系</subject><subject>国际关系</subject><subject>国际政治经济</subject><subject>巴基斯坦</subject><subject>恰巴哈尔港</subject><subject>瓜达尔港</subject><issn>1555-5623</issn><issn>1747-1346</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>7TQ</sourceid><recordid>eNotUEtOwzAUjBBIlMKGE1hiwSrFv8QJOxTxqVTRLMraenXs1CV1QpxSdceGE3BDTkLS8jYz0sybkSYIrgmekP7umrpqJoRGgp0EIyK4CAnj8WnPoygKo5iy8-DC-zXGnHMcjYLvxUqjbGUd_H79TFtwyHctdLq0ChUaKgSuQFn-mN2jV_i0JXTWlajrn6wz1VY7pVFtUNNCuek1hZZQgVODybpj8K1Hra56sXYe7Wy3QoeeITiHd-s7cJfBmYHK66t_HAdvT4-L7CWczZ-n2cMsVCQhLKSJEcIoIxJOFU4JU0XMsQG6jI1hmKhIEyioMAVQE8cUL0FzLZihaWJ4krJxcHPMbdr6Y6t9J9f1tnV9paQpSyhOBI57Fzm6drbSe9m0dgPtXhIsh43lsLE8bCzz-Sw_MPYHFdFzSw</recordid><startdate>202402</startdate><enddate>202402</enddate><creator>Hussain, Mehmood</creator><creator>Jamali, Ahmed Bux</creator><creator>Nisar, Rana Danish</creator><creator>Omar, Abdulfattah</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>7TQ</scope><scope>8BJ</scope><scope>DHY</scope><scope>DON</scope><scope>FQK</scope><scope>JBE</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5443-8388</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0515-8301</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202402</creationdate><title>The China–Iran strategic deal and CPEC: Navigating the influence of pragmatic balancing in China's relations with Iran and Pakistan</title><author>Hussain, Mehmood ; Jamali, Ahmed Bux ; Nisar, Rana Danish ; Omar, Abdulfattah</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c1813-28f77fcf7842c0913cd640fa2b6ff301c5e1ad27fda2f6620bae4e73f298f4893</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Acuerdo Estratégico China–Irán</topic><topic>Balancing</topic><topic>belt and road initiative</topic><topic>bilateral relations</topic><topic>Chabahar port</topic><topic>China</topic><topic>China–Iran strategic deal</topic><topic>Cooperation</topic><topic>CPEC</topic><topic>Diplomacy</topic><topic>economía política internacional</topic><topic>Energy</topic><topic>equilibrio pragmático</topic><topic>Friendship</topic><topic>Geopolitics</topic><topic>Gwadar port</topic><topic>Hegemony</topic><topic>Iniciativa de la Franja y la Ruta</topic><topic>International cooperation</topic><topic>international political economy</topic><topic>international relations</topic><topic>Iran</topic><topic>Irán</topic><topic>Leadership</topic><topic>Pakistan</topic><topic>Pakistán</topic><topic>Politics</topic><topic>pragmatic balancing</topic><topic>Puerto de Chabahar</topic><topic>Puerto de Gwadar</topic><topic>Regions</topic><topic>relaciones bilaterales</topic><topic>Relaciones Internacionales</topic><topic>Security</topic><topic>Self interest</topic><topic>Soft power</topic><topic>Weather</topic><topic>一带一路</topic><topic>中伊战略协议</topic><topic>中国</topic><topic>中巴经济走廊</topic><topic>伊朗</topic><topic>务实平衡</topic><topic>双边关系</topic><topic>国际关系</topic><topic>国际政治经济</topic><topic>巴基斯坦</topic><topic>恰巴哈尔港</topic><topic>瓜达尔港</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Hussain, Mehmood</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jamali, Ahmed Bux</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nisar, Rana Danish</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Omar, Abdulfattah</creatorcontrib><collection>PAIS Index</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)</collection><collection>PAIS International</collection><collection>PAIS International (Ovid)</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><jtitle>Politics & policy (Statesboro, Ga.)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Hussain, Mehmood</au><au>Jamali, Ahmed Bux</au><au>Nisar, Rana Danish</au><au>Omar, Abdulfattah</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The China–Iran strategic deal and CPEC: Navigating the influence of pragmatic balancing in China's relations with Iran and Pakistan</atitle><jtitle>Politics & policy (Statesboro, Ga.)</jtitle><date>2024-02</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>52</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>227</spage><epage>244</epage><pages>227-244</pages><issn>1555-5623</issn><eissn>1747-1346</eissn><abstract>This article argues that China is advancing its relations with Iran and Pakistan based on pragmatic balancing, a key component of soft balancing, to safeguard and advance national self‐interest. China's relationship with Pakistan is based on shared interests to counter the Indian hegemony in South Asia and end the Chinese energy security dilemma through an overland route of the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). The bilateral relationship has enhanced and expanded over the years, despite steep transformations in regional geopolitics. Meanwhile, abundant Iranian energy reserves and Tehran's willingness to support China against the United States in the Middle East encouraged the Chinese leadership to sign a strategic deal with no significant ramifications for Pakistan and CPEC. The fair‐weather friendship between China and Iran remains limited in scope, often suspending cooperation in various domains, including energy and defense. Nonetheless, an all‐weather friendship between China and Pakistan sustained the collaboration of security, economy, and diplomacy, meticulously representing sincerity and cordiality.
Related Articles
Bishwakarma, Jham Kumar, and Zongshan Hu. 2021. “Problems and Prospects for the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC).” Politics & Policy 50(1): 154–79. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12443.
Singh, Amit, and Amit Sarwal. 2017. “Paraspara, Encounters, and Confluences: India's Soft Power Objective in the Indo‐Pacific Region.” Politics & Policy 45(5): 733–61. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12222.
Zaidi, Syed Muhammad Saad. 2020. “American Global Supremacy under Threat? The Chinese Factor.” Politics & Policy 49(2): 502–28. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12402.
Acuerdo estratégico China–Irán y CPEC: navegando por la influencia del equilibrio pragmático en las relaciones de China con Irán y Pakistán
Este artículo sostiene que China está avanzando en sus relaciones con Irán y Pakistán sobre la base de un equilibrio pragmático, un componente clave del equilibrio blando para salvaguardar y promover los intereses nacionales. La relación de China con Pakistán se basa en intereses compartidos para contrarrestar la hegemonía india en el sur de Asia y poner fin al dilema de seguridad energética chino a través de una ruta terrestre del Corredor Económico China–Pakistán (CPEC). La relación bilateral ha mejorado y ampliado a lo largo de los años a pesar de las profundas transformaciones en la geopolítica regional. Mientras tanto, las abundantes reservas de energía iraníes y la voluntad de Teherán de apoyar a China contra Estados Unidos en Medio Oriente alentaron a los líderes chinos a firmar un acuerdo estratégico sin ramificaciones significativas para Pakistán y CPEC. La amistad de buen tiempo entre China e Irán sigue teniendo un alcance limitado y a menudo suspende la cooperación en diversos ámbitos, incluidos la energía y la defensa. No obstante, una amistad permanente entre China y Pakistán sostuvo la colaboración en materia de seguridad, economía y diplomacia, representando meticulosamente sinceridad y cordialidad.
中伊战略协议与中巴经济走廊:解析务实平衡对中伊关系和中巴关系的影响
本文论证，中国正在以“务实平衡”(pragmatic balancing)为基础，推进其与伊朗和巴基斯坦的关系，务实平衡是用于维护和促进国家自身利益的软平衡的关键组成部分。中巴关系基于共同利益，通过中巴经济走廊(CPEC)的陆路路线对抗印度在南亚的霸权并结束中国的能源安全困境。尽管地区的地缘政治发生了急剧变化，但多年来中巴双边关系仍然得以加强与扩大。与此同时，伊朗丰富的能源储备以及德黑兰方面对“中国在中东对抗美国”的支持意愿，鼓励中国领导人签署一项不会对巴基斯坦和中巴经济走廊产生重大影响的战略协议。中国和伊朗之间“不能共患难”的友谊范围仍然有限，其经常暂停能源和国防等各个领域的合作。尽管如此，中巴之间的全天候友谊维系着安全、经济、外交等领域的合作，精心体现了真诚和亲切。</abstract><cop>Malden</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><doi>10.1111/polp.12573</doi><tpages>18</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5443-8388</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0515-8301</orcidid></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1555-5623 |
| ispartof | Politics & policy (Statesboro, Ga.), 2024-02, Vol.52 (1), p.227-244 |
| issn | 1555-5623 1747-1346 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_journals_2938208706 |
| source | PAIS Index; Wiley Online Library All Journals |
| subjects | Acuerdo Estratégico China–Irán Balancing belt and road initiative bilateral relations Chabahar port China China–Iran strategic deal Cooperation CPEC Diplomacy economía política internacional Energy equilibrio pragmático Friendship Geopolitics Gwadar port Hegemony Iniciativa de la Franja y la Ruta International cooperation international political economy international relations Iran Irán Leadership Pakistan Pakistán Politics pragmatic balancing Puerto de Chabahar Puerto de Gwadar Regions relaciones bilaterales Relaciones Internacionales Security Self interest Soft power Weather 一带一路 中伊战略协议 中国 中巴经济走廊 伊朗 务实平衡 双边关系 国际关系 国际政治经济 巴基斯坦 恰巴哈尔港 瓜达尔港 |
| title | The China–Iran strategic deal and CPEC: Navigating the influence of pragmatic balancing in China's relations with Iran and Pakistan |
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