Computed tomography findings in poxvirus pneumonia in a cat

A 2‐year‐old, domestic shorthair cat was presented to a referral hospital with a 4‐day history of inappetence and lethargy, which had progressed to dyspnoea and tachypnoea. Investigations performed included full haematology and biochemistry and computed tomography of the thorax. A large, heterogeneously contrast enhancing and poorly marginated mass lesion was noted in the left caudal lung lobe, along with areas of ground‐glass attenuation throughout the left lung field. Fine‐needle aspirates of the pulmonary mass revealed neutrophilic and macrophagic inflammation, with moderate numbers of mildly atypical epithelial cells. The cat was treated with broad‐spectrum antibiotics and returned with multifocal crusted cutaneous lesions 5 days later. Poxvirus polymerase chain reaction was performed on the skin lesion smears and subsequently on the pulmonary mass aspirates, both proving positive for poxvirus. Repeat computed tomography was performed 5 weeks later, revealing complete resolution of the pulmonary changes.