Dynamically Generating Diverse Multi‐Beams with On‐Demand Polarizations through Space‐Time Coding Metasurface

Although metasurfaces have emerged as an inspiring platform for polarization optics, most of the existing designs merely support static performances or a few tunable polarization manipulations. Here, vectorial multi‐beam patterning with diverse on‐demand polarizations is demonstrated using space‐time‐varying programmable metasurface. By independently applying periodic space‐time‐varying modulation signals to tunable components of the proposed metasurface, a free combination of arbitrary amplitude and phase responses can be obtained for orthogonally polarized reflection properties, thus enacting the dynamic control of diverse polarization channels and scattering patterns. As exemplary demonstrations, a series of dynamic vectorial far‐field beam patterning are experimentally verified in the microwave region. The proposed concept and method may provide a new platform for advanced electromagnetic wave regulation, which may have potentials in applications of encryption optical/wireless communication, stereoscopic imaging and quantum state tomography. Vectorial beam patterning using a reconfigurable anisotropic time‐varying metasurface that performs simultaneous generation of an assembly of arbitrarily polarized beams has been demonstrated. As exemplary verifications, four independent spatial beam channels randomly assigned with linearly polarized |LP〉, circularly polarized |CP〉, and elliptically polarized |EP〉 states with up to sixteen different scattering patterns have been demonstrated at harmonics in the microwave region.