Bio-rational pesticide approaches, environmentally safe methods for controlling pests and diseases in garlic crop

Conventional pesticides are highly toxic to many living organisms as well as to the environment from pesticide pollution, which is a global problem. These have created public awareness of human safety and possible environmental damage diverting attention towards other alternatives especially the use of bio-rational pesticides. In the present study, some botanical products have been evaluated against pests and disease infestation associated with garlic crops. The experimental setup was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. Six botanical treatments and conventional pesticides were applied i.e. A) Tigonal (aqueous extracts); B) Tigonal plus (aqueous extracts); C) Teprogonal (aqueous extracts); D) Teprogonal plus (aqueous extracts); E) Tigonal (methanol extracts); F) Teprogonal (methanol extracts); and G) Synthetic chemical pesticides (conventional pesticides). There were significant reductions of pests and diseases on garlic crops such as thrips, leaf miners, Alternaria leaf spot, and Stemphylium leaf blight in all the botanical treatments applied by aqueous extracts (P