Biomarkers of a Football Match-play - Internal load analysis using Technical Soccer Specific Aerobic Field Test (TSAFT90)
[LANGUAGE= "English"] INTRODUCTION: The study measured the magnitude of physiological, immune, endocrine, and muscle damage markers of exercise-induced fatigue using the Technical Soccer Specific Aerobic Field Test (TSAFT90). We examined the effect of fatigue on performance and recovery at...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International Journal of Medical Biochemistry 2024-01, Vol.7 (1), p.26-32 |
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| description | [LANGUAGE= "English"] INTRODUCTION: The study measured the magnitude of physiological, immune, endocrine, and muscle damage markers of exercise-induced fatigue using the Technical Soccer Specific Aerobic Field Test (TSAFT90). We examined the effect of fatigue on performance and recovery at 24 hours post-exercise using biochemical indices.METHODS: Professional football players (n=30) with a mean age of 19.20 years participated in the study during their preseason. To induce fatigue, participants underwent a 90-minute fatigue simulation program, TSAFT90. Venous blood samples were collected at baseline, 0-hour, and 24 hours post-fatigue. Analyzed markers included fatigue metabolites (lactate and uric acid), endocrine response marker (cortisol), muscle damage marker (creatine kinase), immunological markers (leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and monocytes), inflammatory marker (CRP), hydration indicator (serum osmolality), and recovery marker (magnesium). Ball velocity and a 7-point Likert scale for muscle soreness were recorded to assess performance and perception of fatigue, respectively.RESULTS: All biomarkers studied were significantly elevated (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.14744/ijmb.2023.48278 |
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We examined the effect of fatigue on performance and recovery at 24 hours post-exercise using biochemical indices.METHODS: Professional football players (n=30) with a mean age of 19.20 years participated in the study during their preseason. To induce fatigue, participants underwent a 90-minute fatigue simulation program, TSAFT90. Venous blood samples were collected at baseline, 0-hour, and 24 hours post-fatigue. Analyzed markers included fatigue metabolites (lactate and uric acid), endocrine response marker (cortisol), muscle damage marker (creatine kinase), immunological markers (leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and monocytes), inflammatory marker (CRP), hydration indicator (serum osmolality), and recovery marker (magnesium). Ball velocity and a 7-point Likert scale for muscle soreness were recorded to assess performance and perception of fatigue, respectively.RESULTS: All biomarkers studied were significantly elevated (p<0.05) at 0 hours post-fatigue. Uric acid, creatine kinase, leukocytes, monocytes, CRP, serum osmolality, and magnesium remained altered at 24 hours. Ball velocity significantly reduced post-fatigue (p=0.04) from 94.67 km/hr to 90.47 km/hr, whereas there was no change in the soreness scale.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The failure of the biomarkers to return to baseline levels within 24 hours indicates disrupted homeostasis. Monitoring the internal load with biomarkers aids in formulating strategies that can delay or mitigate fatigue and help achieve optimal performance and recovery, thus reducing the likelihood of injury.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2587-2362</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2618-642X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.14744/ijmb.2023.48278</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Istanbul: KARE Publishing</publisher><subject>Biological markers ; Biomarkers ; Corticosteroids ; Creatine ; Creatine kinase ; Exercise ; Fatigue ; Homeostasis ; Hormones ; Hydration ; Immunology ; India ; Leukocytes ; Likert scale ; Lymphocytes ; Metabolites ; Neutrophils ; Physical fitness ; Physiological aspects ; Physiology ; Professional football ; Soccer ; Sports injuries ; Uric acid ; Velocity</subject><ispartof>International Journal of Medical Biochemistry, 2024-01, Vol.7 (1), p.26-32</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 KARE Publishing</rights><rights>2024. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,4010,27900,27901,27902</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Gopalakrishnan, Janani</creatorcontrib><title>Biomarkers of a Football Match-play - Internal load analysis using Technical Soccer Specific Aerobic Field Test (TSAFT90)</title><title>International Journal of Medical Biochemistry</title><description>[LANGUAGE= "English"] INTRODUCTION: The study measured the magnitude of physiological, immune, endocrine, and muscle damage markers of exercise-induced fatigue using the Technical Soccer Specific Aerobic Field Test (TSAFT90). We examined the effect of fatigue on performance and recovery at 24 hours post-exercise using biochemical indices.METHODS: Professional football players (n=30) with a mean age of 19.20 years participated in the study during their preseason. To induce fatigue, participants underwent a 90-minute fatigue simulation program, TSAFT90. Venous blood samples were collected at baseline, 0-hour, and 24 hours post-fatigue. Analyzed markers included fatigue metabolites (lactate and uric acid), endocrine response marker (cortisol), muscle damage marker (creatine kinase), immunological markers (leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and monocytes), inflammatory marker (CRP), hydration indicator (serum osmolality), and recovery marker (magnesium). Ball velocity and a 7-point Likert scale for muscle soreness were recorded to assess performance and perception of fatigue, respectively.RESULTS: All biomarkers studied were significantly elevated (p<0.05) at 0 hours post-fatigue. Uric acid, creatine kinase, leukocytes, monocytes, CRP, serum osmolality, and magnesium remained altered at 24 hours. Ball velocity significantly reduced post-fatigue (p=0.04) from 94.67 km/hr to 90.47 km/hr, whereas there was no change in the soreness scale.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The failure of the biomarkers to return to baseline levels within 24 hours indicates disrupted homeostasis. Monitoring the internal load with biomarkers aids in formulating strategies that can delay or mitigate fatigue and help achieve optimal performance and recovery, thus reducing the likelihood of injury.</description><subject>Biological markers</subject><subject>Biomarkers</subject><subject>Corticosteroids</subject><subject>Creatine</subject><subject>Creatine kinase</subject><subject>Exercise</subject><subject>Fatigue</subject><subject>Homeostasis</subject><subject>Hormones</subject><subject>Hydration</subject><subject>Immunology</subject><subject>India</subject><subject>Leukocytes</subject><subject>Likert scale</subject><subject>Lymphocytes</subject><subject>Metabolites</subject><subject>Neutrophils</subject><subject>Physical fitness</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Professional football</subject><subject>Soccer</subject><subject>Sports injuries</subject><subject>Uric acid</subject><subject>Velocity</subject><issn>2587-2362</issn><issn>2618-642X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNpFkb1PwzAQxSMEElXpzmiJBYYU27GTeAwVgUpFDA0Sm-X4o3VJ42KnQ_57XIrEdE-6353u3kuSWwTniBSEPNrdvp1jiLM5KXFRXiQTnKMyzQn-vIyalkWKsxxfJ7MQbAtJHEIYkUkyPlm3F_5L-wCcAQLUzg2t6DrwJga5TQ-dGEEKlv2gfS860DmhgIhqDDaAY7D9BjRabnsrY3ftpNQerA9aWmMlqLR3bay11Z2KXBjAfbOu6obBh5vkyogu6NlfnSYf9XOzeE1X7y_LRbVKJYasTDFTmDEJSUmYMbRQmaA6Q5ASiKXKFTWCaCSJhroQqsWMqoIimJlWmNaoNpsmd-e9B---j_EEvnPH0y-BY4YRKsqcon9qIzrNbW_c4IXc2yB5VZTRL8QYjRQ8U9K7ELw2_OBttG_kCPLfJPgpCX5Kgv8mkf0AYY561g</recordid><startdate>20240101</startdate><enddate>20240101</enddate><creator>Gopalakrishnan, Janani</creator><general>KARE Publishing</general><general>Kare Publishing</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20240101</creationdate><title>Biomarkers of a Football Match-play - Internal load analysis using Technical Soccer Specific Aerobic Field Test (TSAFT90)</title><author>Gopalakrishnan, Janani</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c2098-29d299c04849ff57d3a5e3105402cd6d5fa4e1c4e0e7adb295d75103fbafbfdb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Biological markers</topic><topic>Biomarkers</topic><topic>Corticosteroids</topic><topic>Creatine</topic><topic>Creatine kinase</topic><topic>Exercise</topic><topic>Fatigue</topic><topic>Homeostasis</topic><topic>Hormones</topic><topic>Hydration</topic><topic>Immunology</topic><topic>India</topic><topic>Leukocytes</topic><topic>Likert scale</topic><topic>Lymphocytes</topic><topic>Metabolites</topic><topic>Neutrophils</topic><topic>Physical fitness</topic><topic>Physiological aspects</topic><topic>Physiology</topic><topic>Professional football</topic><topic>Soccer</topic><topic>Sports injuries</topic><topic>Uric acid</topic><topic>Velocity</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Gopalakrishnan, Janani</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><jtitle>International Journal of Medical Biochemistry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Gopalakrishnan, Janani</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Biomarkers of a Football Match-play - Internal load analysis using Technical Soccer Specific Aerobic Field Test (TSAFT90)</atitle><jtitle>International Journal of Medical Biochemistry</jtitle><date>2024-01-01</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>7</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>26</spage><epage>32</epage><pages>26-32</pages><issn>2587-2362</issn><eissn>2618-642X</eissn><abstract>[LANGUAGE= "English"] INTRODUCTION: The study measured the magnitude of physiological, immune, endocrine, and muscle damage markers of exercise-induced fatigue using the Technical Soccer Specific Aerobic Field Test (TSAFT90). We examined the effect of fatigue on performance and recovery at 24 hours post-exercise using biochemical indices.METHODS: Professional football players (n=30) with a mean age of 19.20 years participated in the study during their preseason. To induce fatigue, participants underwent a 90-minute fatigue simulation program, TSAFT90. Venous blood samples were collected at baseline, 0-hour, and 24 hours post-fatigue. Analyzed markers included fatigue metabolites (lactate and uric acid), endocrine response marker (cortisol), muscle damage marker (creatine kinase), immunological markers (leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and monocytes), inflammatory marker (CRP), hydration indicator (serum osmolality), and recovery marker (magnesium). Ball velocity and a 7-point Likert scale for muscle soreness were recorded to assess performance and perception of fatigue, respectively.RESULTS: All biomarkers studied were significantly elevated (p<0.05) at 0 hours post-fatigue. Uric acid, creatine kinase, leukocytes, monocytes, CRP, serum osmolality, and magnesium remained altered at 24 hours. Ball velocity significantly reduced post-fatigue (p=0.04) from 94.67 km/hr to 90.47 km/hr, whereas there was no change in the soreness scale.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The failure of the biomarkers to return to baseline levels within 24 hours indicates disrupted homeostasis. Monitoring the internal load with biomarkers aids in formulating strategies that can delay or mitigate fatigue and help achieve optimal performance and recovery, thus reducing the likelihood of injury.</abstract><cop>Istanbul</cop><pub>KARE Publishing</pub><doi>10.14744/ijmb.2023.48278</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Biological markers Biomarkers Corticosteroids Creatine Creatine kinase Exercise Fatigue Homeostasis Hormones Hydration Immunology India Leukocytes Likert scale Lymphocytes Metabolites Neutrophils Physical fitness Physiological aspects Physiology Professional football Soccer Sports injuries Uric acid Velocity |
| title | Biomarkers of a Football Match-play - Internal load analysis using Technical Soccer Specific Aerobic Field Test (TSAFT90) |
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