Optimal management of immunized portfolios

We generalize the contribution of Fong and Vasicek (Financ Anal J 39:73–78, 1983a ; Innov Bond Portf Manag Durat Analy Immun 1983:227–238, 1983b ; J Financ 39:1541–1546, 1984 ) by developing a risk-return optimization problem for immunized life insurance portfolios. The M 2 measure of risk for arbitrary changes of the term structure of interest rates is used for a bond portfolio with duration matched to a given liability horizon. The immunization case becomes a “passive” strategy among an entire menu of active management decisions in which a partial risk minimization is exchanged for more return potential. As in the classical Markowitz (Portfolio Selection, New York, Wiley, 1959) approach, an efficient frontier at the given horizon provides the optimal tradeoff between risk and return. An empirical application to insurance companies shows that such a perspective may be proved useful to highlight which segregated funds can be re-positioned over the efficient frontier, at the chosen level of the firm’s risk appetite.