Complex bridge piers scour at cohesive soils: A review

A typical soil-structure interaction concern is called scour. In consideration of current climate change, an increase in the frequency of floods and the severity of these flood disasters would increase the danger of bridge collapse. Complex piers (CPs) are the foundation for hydraulic and coastal constructions that consist of a pile group, pile cap, and column. The current research investigated the development of scour holes surrounding CPs to forecast the eventual scouring depth at the bridge foundation. This research also attempts to summarize the present state of understanding the effects of different parameters on the local scour. The review begins by introducing some basic concepts and terminology of scour before detailing the key relationships between parameters that are understood to influence the scour process. A summary of the current status of the inquiry into local scour at complicated bridge piers in cohesive bed material has been provided. Scour mechanism and processes in non-cohesive and cohesive soil at complicated bridge piers. The implications of local scour parameters surrounding complicated bridge piers and scouring depth differences against pile cap location are explored.