Iron extracted from hazardous waste

The production of steel requires a fossil fuel (coal) and generates approximately 2 tonnes of carbon dioxide per tonne of steel2. The authors suggest that the pathway observed in the current study is catalysed by the presence of other oxides in the red mud. Because the reported reactions were carried out on a multigram scale, Jovi ević Klug and colleagues conducted a cost analysis to show that the process would be economically viable at an industrial scale. The cost analysis used the stoichiometry of the reaction to calculate the hydrogen requirement.