Efficient routing in UASN during the thermohaline environment condition to improve the propagation delay and throughput

In underwater acoustic sensor network (UASN), the challenging issues are bandwidth, higher propagation delay and heavy packet loss during data transmission. The issues can be solved through efficient routing algorithms. The existing UASN routing algorithms have larger latency in the network link and high rate of packet loss because of the salinity and temperature in the water at different depths. The salinity and temperature changes according to the depth and called as thermohaline circulation. In this paper, convex directional flooding optimisation (CDFO) algorithm improves the latency, throughput and lifetime of the nodes in the network under thermohaline condition and longshore drift from longshore current, which consist of transportation of sediments. The CDFO combines the convex optimisation and directional flooding-based routing algorithm, convex optimisation helps in identification of the hidden nodes in the network and strong communication links are established through polynomial time and semantic analysis and directional flooding algorithm reduces the packet loss and increases the network throughput. The routing protocol has implemented in ns2-AquaSim simulator and test bed for measurement of the performance metrics of the UASN.