Wire antenna with skew planar wheel structure for generating high‐purity OAM beam

This paper presents the generation of an orbital angular momentum (OAM) wave using a wire antenna with a skew planar wheel structure at 5.8 GHz. The wire antenna consists of four arms, each of which behaves like a left‐handed circularly polarized antenna. The orientation and rotation of each arm are adjusted to obtain the desired phase shift, resulting in the generation of an OAM wave. The proposed design is fabricated and tested, and the results demonstrate that the OAM beam produced has high mode purity, with a peak gain of 2.8 dBi, divergence angle of ±30° $\pm 30^\circ $, and high azimuthal symmetry. Both simulated and measured results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed wire antenna in generating an OAM wave. The proposed wire antenna has a wide range of potential applications, including communication systems, remote sensing, and radar imaging. In particular, the azimuthal symmetry of the OAM beam makes it particularly suitable for unmanned aerial vehicle applications.