Individual body mass and sex of a frugivorous bird affect the quality of seed dispersal

Frugivorous animals play crucial roles dispersing seeds away from parental plants and influencing plant recruitment. Most studies focus on comparisons of seed dispersal services provided by distinct species of animals, but neglect how within‐species variation may affect dispersal. Individual traits, such as body mass and sex, are related to metabolic rates, gut load capacity, and transit times that potentially influence dispersal quantity and quality. Here, we aim at answering if individual traits (body mass and sex) of Pale‐breasted Thrushes (Turdus leucomelas) affect seed dispersal quality by testing the following hypotheses (a) individual traits influence seed retention time and germination, (b) seed retention time affects seed germination, and (c) seed passage through the gut enhances germination. We found that females retained seeds in the gut for longer periods than males. Gut passed and manually depulped seeds had similar germination success. However, heavier birds, irrespective of sex, had longer seed retention times and promoted higher germination. Our results indicate that intraspecific differences in morphological traits of frugivores are a source of variation in dispersal outputs and may help to explain complex patterns of seed dispersal. We highlight the importance of considering the quality of seed dispersal at an individual‐level, as well as at a species‐level, and reinforce that some individuals may contribute more to seed germination, and potentially recruitment, than others. Finally, a decrease in body masses of tropical birds in response to global warming may cascade to a decrease in seed dispersal quality. in Portuguese is available with online material. Resumo Animais frugívoros desempenham papéis cruciais na dispersão de sementes e recrutamento de plantas. A maioria dos estudos que foca no serviço de dispersão de sementes prestado por animais frugívoros compara diferentes espécies, porém negligencia como a variação intraespecífica pode afetar a dispersão. Características individuais, como peso e sexo, estão relacionadas às taxas metabólicas, capacidade de carga intestinal e tempo de retenção das sementes, que potencialmente influenciam a quantidade e a qualidade da dispersão. Neste estudo, buscamos responder se características individuais (peso e sexo) de sabiás‐barranco (Turdus leucomelas) afetam a qualidade de dispersão de sementes, testando as seguintes hipóteses (a) características individuais influenciam o tempo de retenção e a g