The effect of jambu bol (Syzygium malaccense) plant extract as an antibacterial Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus

Antibiotic resistance in both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, such as Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus, is still a concern. One of the factors is the overuse of antibiotics. For governments all over the world, including Indonesia, research that leads to the identification of active compounds for the treatment of degenerative diseases and the provision of new medicines to combat antibiotic resistance is a high priority. S. malaccense, often known as the jambu bol plant, is a cultivated plant with medical potential. The goal of this research is to find out which components of the jambu bol plant have antibacterial action and what the minimal inhibitory concentration is for gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. The Kirby-Bauer method was used to investigate antibacterial activity against the test microorganisms S. typhi and S. aureus. Leaves, stem bark, root bark, and fruit are among the plant parts used. The concentrations employed were 1000 ppm, 500 ppm, 250 ppm, and 125 ppm. The inhibition zone that formed was measured, and the data were evaluated to see how each extract affected the test microorganisms. ANOVA was used to examine the data. The findings revealed that leaf, stem bark, root bark, and fruit extracts exhibit antibacterial action against S. typhi and S. aureus bacteria. The methanol extract of the leaves demonstrated greater antibacterial activity against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria than the methanol extract of other jambu bol plant components (stem bark, root bark, and fruit). S. typhi bacteria with an inhibition zone diameter of 35.01 mm and S. aureus bacteria with an inhibition zone diameter of 32.55 mm were both inhibited by ciprofloxacin at a dose of 10 ppm.