Spectral studies on SIPCOT area soil samples by FTIR and X-ray diffraction methods

Soil is one of the most important components for the existence of living organisms on earth. It contains nutrients, water, organic materials, and oxygen, all of which are required for plant growth. The healthy cultivation in the whole world is relies on the quality of soil. The improper usage of toxic substances, excessive industrial activities, inappropriatedisposal of wastes and use of an inorganic fertilizers are the causes of soil pollution. The presence of heavy metals as well as an excess amount of sodium and chloride are degrading the quality of soil, so it becomes polluted. The organic compounds present in the soil decomposes into soluble inorganic compounds called minerals. The minerals may be an element or chemical compound. Excess minerals in the soil also causing health problems indirectly. To determine the quality of soil, it is necessary to monitor the characteristics such as its fertility, nutrient availability, presence of organic and inorganic compounds regularly. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrum (FTIR) identifies the chemical bonds present in a molecule of unknown compound in one substance. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)spectrum determines the crystalline structure of the minerals.In this present work soil samples were collected around the SIPCOT industrial area at Cuddalore old town. FTIR study wasused to determine the functional group of the minerals present in the sample tentatively. The confirmation of mineralogical identification was carried out using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. It shows the presence of various minerals namely quartz, kaolinite, aragonite, illite, feldspar and hematite. The results were discussed and it was explained by analyzing the given literature