Spatial Distribution of Precipitation and Its Contribution to the Formation of the Transboundary Zeravshan River Runoff (Tajikistan)

The spatial distribution of atmospheric precipitation in the basin of the transboundary Zeravshan River and the contribution of precipitation and glacial meltwater to the formation of the river runoff within the Republic of Tajikistan are considered. It has been found that the average integral change in the amount of precipitation in the Zeravshan River basin for the period of 1940–2020 was 20 mm/10 years. The maximum volume of the glacial meltwater in the Zeravshan River fell on the third quarter (June–August) and was equal to 3.11 km 3 or 60% of the average annual river runoff, and 0.39, 0.70, and 0.96 km 3 of the runoff was formed in the first, second, and fourth quarters, respectively.