Non-Adherence to Antihypertensive Medications Among the US Population: A Pooled Analysis of 22 Million Patients

BackgroundNon-adherence is a barrier to the control of hypertension. This study aimed to analyze the factors and interventions affecting adherence rates in the US.MethodsPubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase were searched on January 21 st, 2022 for studies on the adherence to anti-hypertensives in the US. R software (4.2.1) and RevMan (5.4) were used for the analysis.ResultsOur analysis showed that non-adherence to antihypertensives was higher in Hispanics compared with Blacks (OR= 1.25, p-value= 0.0335) with further analysis showing lower non-adherence rates among Whites compared with Blacks (OR= 0.63, p-value= 0.0049). Younger individuals had higher non-adherence rates (53%) compared with individuals older than 60 (46%), however, no statistically significant difference was detected between both groups. Unemployment was associated with decreased adherence (OR= 0.40, p-value< 0.00001), while gender and marital status yielded insignificant associations. Patients who suffered from multiple comorbidities (OR= 0.43, p-value= 0.004), depression (OR= 0.65, p-value