Navigating Visible‐Light‐Triggered (aza and thia) Paternò‐Büchi Reactions for the Synthesis of Heterocycles

Harnessing visible light to trigger (aza and thia) Paternò‐Büchi reaction injects new vitality into [2+2] photocyclization reaction and enable impressive reactivity modes. The popular (aza and thia) Paternò‐Büchi reaction is one of the most efficient ways to synthesize strained four‐membered heterocycles. Recently, visible‐light‐triggered (aza and thia) Paternò‐Büchi reactions have received considerable attentions as this strategy has overcome some long‐standing challenges, and remarkable achievements have been made within this field. Strained four‐membered heterocyclics with favorable properties provide a perfect combination of stable skeletons for pharmaceutical chemistry and reaction intermediates for further transformation. In this review, we highlight the most recent advances in visible‐light‐triggered (aza and thia) Paternò‐Büchi reaction with an emphasis on reaction mechanism and applications. Organization of the review follows a subdivision according to reaction type and substrate classes.