Land-Use Change and Driving Force Analysis of Wetland in Poyang Lake Based on Remote Sensing

Poyang Lake is one of the largest freshwater lakes in China and the only two remaining lakes in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. It is an internationally important wetland with important ecological value. In recent years, due to the influence of natural and human factors, the ecology of Poyang Lake International Wetland has been greatly damaged. Using relevant research models and methods to study and predict land-use change can provide a scientific basis for relevant departments to manage land and has important demonstration significance for biodiversity conservation and ecological function restoration of wetlands with important ecological value. Based on Landsat remote sensing images from 1986 to 2020, land-use information data were obtained by supervised classification interpretation, and five land-use type maps with an interval of about 8 years were generated by ENVI and ArcGIS software. The land-use change of Poyang Lake wetland was analyzed by using land-use transfer matrix and land-use dynamic attitude. The land-use distribution in 2030 was predicted by the FLUS model. Based on the gray correlation model, the driving force of land-use change was discussed. The results show that the wetland land-use types in Poyang Lake will change greatly from 1986 to 2020: construction land, mudflat, paddy field, and dry land changed significantly and showed an increasing trend. The area of water and grassland decreased on the whole, and the transferred area was large, which was mainly transferred to construction land, paddy field, and dry land. The area of woodland increased slowly, but the change range was not large from the perspective of dynamic attitude. The change of wetland area of reed flat decreased first and then increased, and the overall land-use change was relatively gentle. Through the FLUS model prediction, it is found that the water area of the study area will be greatly reduced in 2030, the area of woodland and reed flat will be greatly increased, and the ecological situation will gradually improve. According to the gray correlation analysis, the total population and annual precipitation are the main driving factors of land-use change in the Poyang Lake wetland. This study studies the land-use change and driving force from the regional wetland scale, which can provide a theoretical basis for the future international important wetland protection and land resource management of Poyang Lake. At the same time, it provides a reference for further