Physical and chemical characteristics of Socah Estuary, Bangkalan

Dominating the hydrodynamic influence of seawater and the entry of freshwater runoff from the land causes the estuary to have dynamic physical and chemical composition characteristics. The estuary area has fluctuating ecosystem changes caused by the many activities in the estuary. This study aims to determine the physical and chemical properties of the Socah River Estuary. Data were retrieved in situ at 4 station points 3 times a row. Physical and chemical parameters were measured three times. The analysis shows that each station’s temperature value is 28.5 – 30.3°C, the transparency value is 12,5cm – 30cm, the turbidity value is 13 – 25 NTU, and the TSS value is 13 mg/L – 16 mg/L. While the chemical parameters of the estuary showed the salinity concentration was between 20-22 ppt, the pH value was 6.8-7.5; the DO concentration was 2,7 mg/L - 4 mg/L, and CO 2 concentration was 0,8 ppm – 2,4 ppm. Variations of water quality characteristics at each station were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The PCA obtained two main analysis components; 75,5% of the total variance is related to CO 2 , temperature, TSS, and transparency parameters.