A meta-analysis and review on genetic mapping of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Iraq

Background The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been increasing rapidly in Iraq over the past few decades. Identifying the most significant factors contributing to the development of T2DM is crucial to reducing its prevalence in this region. Genetics and epigenetics have been shown to play a role in the initiation of T2DM, making it essential to study the genetic variations of diabetic patients to identify common biomarkers associated with this disorder in Iraq. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published data to identify potential pathological indicators associated with T2DM in Iraq. We searched various databases and included studies that reported the association between genetic biomarkers and T2DM in Iraqi patients. We then analyzed the data using a random-effects model to estimate the overall effect size and identify the most common biomarkers associated with the risk of T2DM. Results We identified 31 explored genes in 41 studies that exhibited the most common biomarkers with a strong association with the risk of T2DM in Iraq. Our exploration embraced genomic, demographic, and sensitivity analyses, enriching insights. Conclusions Our study provides valuable insight into the genetic SNPs associated with T2DM in Iraq and offers a foundation for future research in this area. The identified SNPs can help in the development of personalized treatment options, leading to better disease management and improved patient outcomes. The study also highlights the need for further investigation into potential genetic SNPs and factors that may contribute to the development of T2DM in Iraq. While our study is limited by the sample sizes of some of the included studies, it provides a starting point for researchers seeking to identify common diagnostic markers for T2DM in Iraq.