Spectrum sensing algorithms to spectrum sensing in the cognitive radio network deployment

A cognitive radio (CR) has intelligence to learn from its situation and adapt modifying its parameters to improve spectrum utilization while providing reliablecommunication. Cognitive radio technology has the ability to find spectrum holes by spectrumsensing and accessing them efficiently. Spectrum sensing, which enables CRs to identify spectrum holes, is an important partof CR technology. It’s the practise of keeping tabs on a specific radio spectrum band on a regular and shifting basis to see if there are any interference issues that could prevent its utilisation. Noise power and signal fading in a wireless channel have a significant influence on the efficiency of spectrum sensing techniques in noisy situations. Examination and summary of several performance analysis metrics for spectral sensing methods. Analysis of the Energy Detector-based spectral sensing algorithm’s efficiency. Review and evaluation of current spectrum sensing techniques. Development of enhanced spectrum sensing algorithm using two-step approach. Hidden primary user problem in shadowing regions is another challenge for sensing algorithmsinvolving single secondary user. In cooperative spectrum sensing algorithms, sensing duration,speed, cooperation overheads and decision fusion techniques are the main factors that need tobe addressed. Considering the need for improvement in the sensing performance, the research workhere has proposed enhancement in the sensing algorithms in the first phase. Later on, foridentification of primary user signal and to increase the efficiency of wide band sensing, newsensing algorithms are proposed in the second phase. In view of the importance of the spectrumutilization measurement, this work estimates RF white spaces in various frequency bands.