Dose–response evaluation of cannabichromene on hepato-renal enzyme and non-enzyme biomarkers: the pharmacological controlled study

Cannabichromene (CBC) is one of the non-psychoactive cannabinoids found in Cannabis sativa and the second most abundant after cannabidiol. CBC has been shown to produce antinociception and anti-inflammatory effects in rodents; it is a major non-psychotropic phytocannabinoid that inhibits endocannabinoid inactivation and activates the transient receptor potential ankyrin-1 (TRPA1). The use of non-psychoactive cannabinoids as protective, ameliorative, and preventive agents in diverse disease pathophysiology is increasingly gaining global significance. Cannabidiol (CBD) has been extensively studied in this regard; however, CBC may also possess undiscovered intriguing and appreciable therapeutic properties. Therefore, the effects of 7 days of oral daily administration of 5 mg/kg,10 mg/kg, and 20 mg/kg body weight doses of CBC on antioxidant enzyme system, hepatic, and renal function biomarkers were investigated in this study. Twenty-four (24) male Wistar rats were divided into four groups of 6 animals each (1 control and 3 test groups). Twenty-four hours after the last treatment, the animals were anaesthetized using ketamine/xylazine and then euthanized via cervical dislocation. The liver and kidney were excised, while plasma and red blood cells were processed from the whole blood and used for biochemical analysis. Statistical analysis was done using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the Tukey’s test of homogeneity where appropriate; p