Beetroot Betalains and Antioxidant Potential: A Function of Maturity Stage

Beetroot ( Beta vulgaris L.) is a rich source of antioxidants and pigments such as betalains, phenols and flavonoids. The best harvest maturity of beetroot that yields maximum pigment (betalains) content and antioxidant activity is unknown. To determine this, beetroot cv. ‘Crimson Globe’ was harvested at four maturity stages (60, 75, 90 and 105 days after sowing) and compared for different quality attributes. Results revealed that beetroot harvested after 105 days of sowing were superior in terms of specific gravity, per cent edible portion, juice yield, dry matter and betalains content with the lowest respiration rate and PPO activity. Beetroots harvested after 90 days of sowing yielded the highest antioxidant potential. Based on the findings, we recommend harvesting beetroot after 90 days of sowing for maximum antioxidants and quality betalains in terms of quantity and reddish tinge.