Preparation and electrochemical properties of MoO3/C-CNF composite aerogel

Lithium-sulfur batteries have garnered significant interest as an energy storage solution, thanks to their high theoretical specific capacity and energy density. However, their commercialization has been hindered by challenges such as the low conductivity of elemental sulfur, the shuttle effect of polysulfides, and the volume expansion of electrode materials. Efforts are underway to address these limitations and enhance the performance and viability of lithium-sulfur batteries. Hence, MoC-x porous aerogel materials uniformly encapsulating MoO 3 nanosheets were fabricated by combining cationically modified cellulose nanofibers (C-CNF) as raw materials with MoO 3 nanosheets. When the aerogel material is used as a cathode material for a lithium-sulfur battery, it can not only effectively adsorb polysulfides and suppress their shuttle effect, but also alleviate the volume expansion of electrode materials during the charging and discharging process. The test shows that the MoC-3 aerogel cathode material has a discharge specific capacity of 1608 mAh g −1 at a current density of 0.1 C, and can still maintain 98.2% of the coulomb efficiency after 200 cycles at a current density of 1 C. The utilization of a three-dimensional composite structure strategy in cathode materials for lithium-sulfur batteries showcases its advantages. This approach highlights that designing the structure and surface active sites of cathode materials can optimize not only the specific capacity and rate performance of the battery but also enhance its cycle stability. By employing this strategy, the performance of lithium-sulfur batteries can be improved significantly, making them more efficient and durable for practical applications.