Crystallization, structural, dielectric, mechanical, and SHG studies of l-histidine glutarate monohydrate crystal for nonlinear optical device applications

The present study used a slow evaporation technique at an ambient temperature to produce l -histidine glutarate monohydrate ( l -his · glutarate · H 2 O), an organic nonlinear optical crystal. To characterize the formed crystals, structural, spectral, dielectric, mechanical, and second harmonic generation experiments were carried out. The crystallographic results demonstrate that l -his · glutarate · H 2 O crystallized in an orthorhombic structure with the P2 1 2 1 2 1 space group. The crystalline nature of the grown crystal was studied using a multi-crystal high-resolution X-ray diffractometer. The molecular vibrations and functional groups in the sample were determined using FT-IR spectroscopy. EDAX and HR-SEM investigations reveal the chemical composition and surface texture of the sample. According to the dielectric tests, both the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss decrease exponentially with frequency, reaching minima at higher frequencies. It has also been discovered that as the temperature rises, the value of the dielectric constant and dielectric loss increases to a marginal level. The activation energies of both AC and DC conduction processes were computed using the Arrhenius relation and were found to be 3.68 and 0.39 eV, respectively. The sample was soft, according to Vicker's microhardness test. The SHG test showed that the as-grown crystal produced a substantial amount of SHG signal. The experimental findings support the utility of the l -his · glutarate · H 2 O crystal for optoelectronic applications.