Fog and edge computing: State-of-art, application and challenges in IoT

With the developments of the Internet of Things (IoT), the number of connected devices has increased and hasbecome an integral part of our daily lives and environment. The data generated from these devices is huge, hence conventional cloud computing paradigm has become inadequate in addressing challenges such as excessive latency, bandwidth limitations, and resource limitations. As a result, new computational paradigms such as Fog Computing (FC) and Edge Computing (EC) have been proposed to address the former’s challenges in processing large amounts of data generated from safety-critical and time-sensitivesystems. The goal of these novel computing solutions is to deliver storage and computing power at the network’s edge, reducing network traffic and overcoming many of cloud computing’s disadvantages. This paper outlines the state-of-art fog and edgecomputing followed by a comprehensive analysis of their characteristics. A comparative analysis of these emerging technologies with Cloud Computing (CC) is also presented. Fog and edge computing are very important for emerging technologies like IoT, Big data analytics, we conclude this article by outlining the applications and security challenges of both computing paradigms.