Problem nutrients in the diet of under-five children in stunting priority areas in Indonesia with different food security conditions

Background and objectives: Given the diversity of dietary patterns and district food security in Indonesia, it is important to identify problem nutrients (PNs) and local-specific food-based recommendations (FBRs) to strengthen infant and young child feeding programs for stunting reduction. This study aims to identify PNs in the diet of under-five children in selected 37 stunting priority districts in Indonesia and assess whether the number of PNs was associated with district food security status. Methods: Linear programming analysis (LP) using Optifood was used to analyze dietary data collected using a single 24-hour dietary recall in the Food Consumption Survey 2016 conducted by the Ministry of Health, Indonesia. PN was defined as a nutrient that did not meet 100% Recommended Nutrient Intake (RNI) based on Indonesian-RNI in the 2-best-diets scenario. PNs were further classified based on %RNI in the best-case scenario as either absolute (