Rural development using geomatics technology (GIS& RS): Literature review

Among the clear experiences in the developed and developing countries of the world at the level of attempts to achieve growth and development, the emergence of the duality problem of action and what it suffers from the ranks disparities and differences of spatial development between regions of the same country in general and between urban and rural areas in particular. This development problem reflects in the developmental manifestations and urban imbalance in the countryside, which became an area expelling the population to the cities due to or as a result of the low life standard in its various aspects, which reached levels of deprivation, poverty, and underdevelopment. Therefore, rural development plans must be prepared to achieve urban-rural integration, and the best solution available is to integrate Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) Techniques. GIS is beneficial due to its unique capabilities of automatically performing an integrated spatial and attribute data analysis to produce maps. RS technology can provide up-to-date geographic information on land-use/ land-cover patterns that are functional as input data to facilitate quick and focused decision-making. Combining GIS and RS can significantly enhance the accuracy in the complex and intractable decision-making in planning projects of the present kind. In this paper, we did a systematic review of many experiences to optimize rural regions’ development over the past 12 years by applying (GIS) and (RS) Techniques, focusing on the main tasks, including; spatial coverage level of research, the spatial unit used for the analysis also. Measures and indicators to achieve rural development, data resource considerations when applied GIS&RS in rural development studies. Then intensely highlighted GIS &RS methods that use in these experiences. Also, the main results, procedures, and policies proposed by the rural development researchers regarding the use of these technologies in particular and rural development in general.