Crystal structure, micro-structure, Raman spectroscopy, optical, magnetic, and electrical property of Sn0.94-yAg0.06SbyO2 compounds

We conducted a comprehensive study on Sn 0.94-y Ag 0.06 Sb y O 2 (with y ranging from 0 to 0.10) compounds to investigate its crystal structure, morphology, optical, magnetic and transport properties. The creation of the tetragonal rutile phase of SnO 2 and the successful insertion of Ag/Sb ions into the SnO 2 lattice were confirmed by analysis of X-ray diffraction data and Raman spectroscopy. Elemental color mapping using EDS revealed a uniform distribution of the elements. The oxidation states of Sn, Sb, and Ag were observed to be + 4, + 3, and + 1, respectively. The optical property study showed a reduction in the bandgap as the doping level increased. All prepared samples tend to exhibit p-type behavior, and the total charge density decreased with an increase in the percentage of Ag/Sb co-doping. Magnetic property measurements indicated that these compounds displayed room temperature ferromagnetism up to 4 at % Ag–Sb co-doping level, beyond which they became diamagnetic.