Conceptual Aspects of Vestibular Neuromodulation

— The review summarizes the knowledge about the development of the vestibular system in phylogenesis and ontogenesis and its influence on the developing and mature brain. Based on recent studies, neuronal networks formed under the influence of the vestibular apparatus (VA) are described. The basic function of the VA is gravity sensing, the detector of which is the otolith apparatus of the vestibule. For this reason, the main property of the VA is the dominant participation in multimodal synthetic processes. Different methods of vestibular neuromodulation (VNM) and its potentials in the treatment of different brain diseases are considered. The “application point” of VNM is its effect on the macular apparatus of the vestibule, which explains its effectiveness in different brain diseases.