545-P: Impact of Participant Characteristics on Weight Loss in the National Diabetes Prevention Program (2012–2021)

The National Diabetes Prevention Program (National DPP) is a partnership of public and private organizations collaborating to build a nationwide delivery system for a lifestyle change program (LCP) proven to prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes in adults with prediabetes. A risk reduction outcome for the LCP is weight loss of at least 5%. This analysis used multivariate logistic regression to assess the association between participant characteristics and 5% weight loss for 470,238 enrolled participants who had the opportunity to attend the 12-month LCP in 2012-2021. Analysis shows that 59% of participants attended the LCP online, 35% in-person, and 6% via distance learning or combination delivery. With respect to demographics, 77% were women, 55% of whom were aged 45-64 and 32% aged 18-44; 61% identified as White, 12% identified as Black or African American, and 12% identified as Hispanic or Latino. The odds of meeting the goal for those aged 65+ and 45-64 were 1.6 and 1.2 times greater than those 18-44, respectively. Those who identified as White had higher odds of meeting the goal than those who identified as Hispanic or Latino, Black or African American with odds ratios (ORs 1.3), or Asian or Asian American (ORs 1.2). Compared with participants enrolled in in-person programs, online participants had the lowest odds of reaching the goal (ORs 0.5), and distance learning participants had odds similar to those of in-person participants (ORs 1.0). The 5% weight loss success was significantly higher among those who attended > 16 sessions (ORs 2.9) for the study population. Women were less likely to meet the goal than men (ORs 0.8). Results of this analysis indicate that participant characteristics strongly impact whether someone meets the 5% weight loss goal. Program delivery strategies tailored to specific populations could be effective in helping participants achieve programmatic goals.