Quantitative evaluation of the electronic features involving "nucleophilic-electrophilic" character in the chalcogen sulfur

This study investigates the crystal structures of substituted thiophenes and isothiocyanates by utilizing the method of in situ cryo-crystallization to gain quantitative insights into the electronic features of sulfur-centered interactions. This work reveals that the role of sulfur as a "nucleophilic" or "electrophilic" species during non-covalent interaction is significantly influenced by its immediate chemical and electronic surroundings. The role of sulfur exhibiting amphoteric behaviour is established in organic molecules via in situ cryocrystallography.