Asymmetrical fed Calendula flower-shaped four-port 5G-NR band (n77, n78, and n79) MIMO antenna with high diversity performance

This research reports a four-port multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna designed for 5G-NR band applications including n77: 3.30–4.20 GHz, n78: 3.30–3.80 GHz, and n79: 4.40–5.00 GHz. The proposed design is analyzed in two parts, one single-element asymmetrical fed Calendula flower-shaped antenna and the other four-port modified MIMO antenna with the connected ground. The evolution of the MIMO antenna is studied based on the characteristics and optimized single-element antenna. The measured 5G-NR bandwidth offers a very high matching of impedance for MIMO configuration and higher isolation in the same band. The MIMO antenna offers an average peak gain of 3.51 dBi with a radiation efficiency of more than 90%. The radiation patterns plotted at 3.51, 4.00, 4.50, and 5.00 GHz match with almost omni-directional and dipole patterns in H- and E-radiating planes respectively. The MIMO antenna also records good diversity performance (ECC, DG, CCL, MEG, and TARC) in n77, n78, and n79 5G bands.